Mirroring How-To

Project Gutenberg welcomes sites to mirror (copy) our collection. This can bring the collection closer to people in your region. This How-To describes how to set up a mirror.
  1. Connectivity
  2. Software
  3. Using Rsync
    1. Full example
  4. Getting Your Mirror Listed

Connectivity

Our experience has been that a static IP address and T1 (~1.5Mb symmetric) or faster permanent network connection is minimal for a public mirror. (Of course, you can build a private mirror with a DSL or cable modem, but sharing it with the world requires a somewhat higher bandwidth.)

See files “du-sk” and “ls-R” in the top-level directory for the current collection size and number of files. New eBooks are added almost every day, so it’s desirable to mirror nightly. There are around 2 million files, over 60 languages, and dozens of different file formats. You may opt to mirror only the zip files or to leave out the audio files, or other variations. The rsync “–exclude” option may be used for this.

Software

We recommend that you use rsync. The wget and cURL tools are not suitable, because they need to look at all files just to get the ones that were updated recently. Rsync is available for all Unix-like systems (including MacOS), and is part of Cygwin for Windows.

We offer two distinct rsync modules:

Using Rsync

The ibiblio site is the main home of Project Gutenberg, but it is not the fastest server. Below are examples for an alternate server which is faster, as well as for the main ibiblio site.

To rsync the main collection:

 rsync -av --del ftp.ibiblio.org::gutenberg /var/www/gutenberg
 rsync -av --del aleph.gutenberg.org::gutenberg /var/www/gutenberg

The last parameter is the directory where you want the stuff placed in your drive.

To rsync the generated content:

 rsync -av --del [email protected]::gutenberg-epub /var/www/gutenberg-generated
 rsync -av --del aleph.gutenberg.org::gutenberg-epub /var/www/gutenberg-generated

Please note that the two modules have a very different directory structure. The main collection uses a hierarchy of small directories, e.g., eBook #12345 is stored under 1/2/3/4/12345/. The generated content uses one huge ‘root’ directory with a subdirectory for each book. eBook #12345 is stored in epub/12345/. You should configure your server to not autoindex the huge ‘root’ directory. There is an ‘index.html’ file, to make it less likely for remote HTTP clients to enumerate the entire directory.

You should run a daily job to check for newly updated files. Unix/Linux employs cron for this; Windows systems could use the task scheduler. We can help you with setting up the mirroring software, or any other details, if you would like.

Put one or both of the aforementioned commands into a shell script and then call the shell script from your crontab.

Here is a sample cron entry for a daily job, sending normal output to /dev/null (error output will be sent via email):

 0 2 * * * /path/to/shell_script > /dev/null

Full example

Here is a full crontab example from one of our mirrors. Please do not just blindly copy it, though, since it will need adjusting for your environment (minimally, the directory path that is the destination for the files).

 15 4 * * * /usr/bin/rsync -avHS --timeout 600 --delete --exclude 'cache/' aleph.gutenberg.org::gutenberg /data/htdocs/gutenberg > /dev/null ;
 /usr/bin/rsync -avHS --timeout 600 --delete --exclude '\*/mbt-\*' aleph.gutenberg.org::gutenberg-epub /data/htdocs/gutenberg/cache/epub

There is an historical anomaly with the generated content. In the main collection, it is listed under “cache/epub,” while the catalog metadata uses “cache/generated”. If you would like to keep all of the content in one large directory tree, similar to how the main collection works, your front end Web server will need to redirect, to use the same path. In other words, you will want a path from the catalog, such as “cache/generated/1001/1001.epub” to also be available as “cache/epub/1001/1001.epub.” We use a simple redirect within Apache for this (we put this in apache.conf, but it can be in other locations):

 AllowOverride FileInfo
 RewriteEngine on
 RewriteRule ^cache/generated(/.*)?$ cache/epub$1 [L]

Getting Your Mirror Listed

Once you have successfully installed and tested your configuration, we’ll add your site to the list of mirrors, so people can find you. Email help2022 @ pglaf.org and we’ll announce it in our next newsletters. After a month or so (to confirm stability) we’ll add you to the mirror list and to the mirror selection page of each eBook.

Before you start you might want to view our mirror list to check whether the geographical location of your server would be a good addition to the list.

The book directories are the only part we offer for mirror. The Project Gutenberg catalog in XML/RDF is in the root directory of the generated content, if you would like to make your own search software. We do not package the central search software or Web pages used at www.gutenberg.org for reuse, however you may see most tools on github.

You may distribute our books by any means you choose: HTTP, FTP, rsync, TOR, BitTorrent, p2p or others.

Thanks for your interest in helping Project Gutenberg reach more readers.

iBiblio